Comprehensive State-Wise Bigha Conversion Table
Because the definition of a Bigha varies across Indian states under regional revenue codes, use this verified benchmark table for land records (Khatauni/Khasra):
| Indian State / Region | 1 Bigha Equivalent (Sq Feet) | 1 Bigha in Square Yards (Gaj) | 1 Bigha in Acres |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh & Bihar (Pucca Bigha) | 27,225 sq ft | 3,025 Gaj | 0.625 Acre |
| Haryana & Punjab | 9,075 sq ft (Kaccha) / 27,225 sq ft | 1,008 Gaj / 3,025 Gaj | 0.208 Acre / 0.625 Acre |
| Rajasthan | 17,424 sq ft to 27,225 sq ft | 1,936 Gaj to 3,025 Gaj | 0.400 Acre to 0.625 Acre |
| West Bengal | 14,400 sq ft | 1,600 Gaj | 0.3306 Acre (1/3 Acre) |
| Assam | 14,400 sq ft | 1,600 Gaj | 0.3306 Acre |
| Himachal Pradesh & Uttarakhand | 8,712 sq ft | 968 Gaj | 0.200 Acre |
| Gujarat & Parts of MP | 17,424 sq ft | 1,936 Gaj | 0.400 Acre |
Indian Gold & Jewellery Weight System (Tola, Masha, Ratti)
In Indian bullion and gold jewelry markets (Sarafa Bazar), traditional weight units are officially defined relative to the metric gram as follows:
| Traditional Unit | Metric Equivalent | Subdivisions | Market Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tola (Standard Metric) | 10.0000 Grams | Modern Indian Bullion Standard | Gold bar and coin purchases |
| 1 Tola (Traditional Vedic/British) | 11.6638 Grams | 12 Masha / 96 Ratti | Ancestral jewelry and sovereign transactions |
| 1 Sovereign (Pawan / Pavan) | 8.0000 Grams | Common in South India (Kerala/TN) | Gold coin jewelry standard |
| 1 Masha | 0.9719 Grams | 8 Ratti | Fine gemstone weighing |
| 1 Ratti | 0.1215 Grams | Used for astrological gemstones | Ruby, emerald, sapphire measurement |
Indian Numbering System (Lakh & Crore to International Millions)
The Vedic numbering system uses intervals of two digits after the thousands comma, unlike the international system which groups by three digits:
| Indian Number | Numerical Digits | International System | Short Representation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Lakh | 100,000 (5 zeros) | 100 Thousand | 0.1 Million |
| 10 Lakh | 1,000,000 (6 zeros) | 1 Million | 1.0 Million |
| 1 Crore | 10,000,000 (7 zeros) | 10 Million | 10.0 Million |
| 10 Crore | 100,000,000 (8 zeros) | 100 Million | 100 Million |
| 100 Crore (1 Arab) | 1,000,000,000 (9 zeros) | 1 Billion | 1.0 Billion |